Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC)

Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is one of the most pivotal catalytic processes in modern refineries. Fixed-bed catalytic cracking was developed in the early 20th century, while its fluidized-bed variant emerged later, gaining prominence in the 1950s. The FCC process exists in various forms, utilizing diverse catalysts and feedstocks, resulting in varying effluent compositions. Alongside crude distillation units (CDU), vacuum distillation units (VDU), hydrotreating, and catalytic reforming, FCC remains a cornerstone of modern refining operations. FCC units are subject to a variety of corrosion damage mechanisms. In the pre-heat section, sulfidation and naphthenic acid corrosion are prevalent due to the characteristics of the feedstocks. High-temperature sections are vulnerable to damage mechanisms such as creep, thermal stress cracking, and carburization. In the fractionation and wet gas compression sections, common corrosion challenges include carbonate stress corrosion cracking, wet-H₂S cracking, and ammonium bisulfide corrosion.
#High Temperature Corrosion; #Sulfidation;#NH₄HS Corrosion