Corrosion Monitoring in Refineries

Corrosion monitoring in refineries is an important element of asset integrity management. Despite its importance, corrosion monitoring is often marginalized in favor of material upgrades and process modifications. Nevertheless, periodic or, preferably, continuous control of the corrosivity of important process streams should always be managed, irrespective of material or process control measures. This chapter focuses on the practical aspects of corrosion monitoring, both intrusive and non-intrusive, in major refining units such as crude distillation (atmospheric and vacuum), amine units, or hydrotreating.

Amine Unit

Corrosion monitoring in Amine Units traditionally focuses on the hot lean amine and regenerator-reboiler loops. While other areas, such as the absorber overhead and rich amine loops, are also considered, they are typically not prioritized for corrosion monitoring.

Crude Unit

Corrosion monitoring in crude distillation units, including both the atmospheric and vacuum sections, is one of the most widely applied and critical practices in global refineries. This emphasis on corrosion monitoring stems from the vital importance of maintaining the reliability of the crude distillation unit, often considered as the ’engine’ of refinery profitability. As the primary processing unit where, crude oil is separated into various fractions, any downtime or failure due to corrosion can result in significant operational disruptions and financial losses. Therefore, effective corrosion monitoring in distillation is a key strategy to safeguard refinery performance, ensure continuous operations, and protect overall profitability.

Hydroprocessing

Corrosion in hydroprocessing units is typically associated with localized damage caused by hydrogen (e.g., high-temperature hydrogen attack, wet H2S damage, high-temperature H2/H2S corrosion, etc.) or polythionic acid attack. As a result, the effectiveness of traditional corrosion monitoring techniques (both intrusive and non-intrusive), which are better suited for detecting uniform corrosion, is often questioned

Sour Water Stripping

Corrosion monitoring in Sour Water Stripping (SWS) units is less common. Stripped sour water (SW) is generally an inert fluid with very low corrosivity. Most corrosion damage typically occurs in the stripper overhead (OVHD) loop, which is the primary area for corrosion monitoring